Q2. How are different geographic features represented on a map? Explain scale related generalization?
Q3. What is a map projection? Explain the three basic families of map projections with the help of a diagram?
Q4. List the salient features of the UTM projection system?
Q5. Briefly describe the features preserved in different types of projections and mention which area and country is best represented by it?
Q6. What are the various coordinate systems currently used to locate objects geographically?
Q7. What is meant by map transformation and list the various map transformations being used?
Q8. What is map analysis?
Q9. Give a brief account of the historical development of GIS?
Q10. List the standard GIS packages used along with the specific areas in which they are used?
Q11. Briefly describe the use of GIS in (i) soil & water resources?
(ii) agriculture
(iii) land use planning and
(iv) geology
Q12. How can GIS be used to make decisions under uncertainty?
Q13. Describe with examples the various data types used in GIS?
Q14. What is meant by data compression? Explain its necessity and describe the various types along with a list the compression algorithms currently in use?
Q15. What is a data structure in GIS?
Q16. Describe the various data formats used in GIS?
Q17. Write briefly about the cartographic database?
Q18. Describe digital elevation data and its use in GIS?
Q19. Explain the object structural model in GIS?
Q20. How are existing digital data incorporated into GIS?
Q21. Describe the process of manual digitization using a digitizing tablet?
Q22. Describe the different type of scanners used to scan maps?
Q23. Differentiate between vector data analysis and raster data analysis?
Q24. What is SQL and how is it used to retrieve data from a database?
Q25. Explain record overlay?
Q26. What is a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and how is it used in GIS?
Q27. Explain why is modeling done in GIS rather than an experimental study?
Q28. Explain cost and path analysis using GIS and analyze the advantages?
Q29. Describe knowledge-based systems?
Q30. How is data organized for analysis in GIS?
Q31. Describe the classification of various GIS models?
Q32. How is the analysis function used in GIS?
Q33. Discuss the maintenance and analysis of non-spatial attribute data in GIS?
Q34. Describe the various editing and query functions used in GIS?
Q35. Explain the difference between conflation and edge matching?
Q36. Describe spatial data transformation?
Q37. Explain edge matching and editing of spatial data?
Q38. Differentiate between spatial and non-spatial data with appropriate examples?
Q39. Describe the various data formats used in GIS?
Q40. What is a data structure and how is it implemented in a GIS?
Q41. How is data entered in a GIS using a keyboard?
Q42. Describe the process of manual digitizing using a digitizing board?
Q43. Describe briefly the various types of scanners used to scan maps?
Q44. What is the necessity of data compression in GIS and explain the commonly used
compression algorithms?
Q45. What is the role of remotely sensed data in GIS?
Q46. What are the sources of existing digital data?
Q47 What is a cartographic database and explain its role in GIS?
Q50. What is Digital Elevation Data and illustrate its use in GIS with the help of an example?
Q51. Define spatial analysis?
Q52. Explain briefly about SQL?
Q53. What is record overlay? Explain with the help of an example?
Q54. Compare and contrast vector data analysis and raster data analysis?
Q55. Define modeling and what is the role played by GIS in this context?
Q56. What is a Digital Elevation Model and illustrate its use in GIS?
Q57. Explain cost and path analysis in GIS with the help of an example?
Q58. Explain knowledge-based systems in the context of GIS?
Q59. Explain the classification of GIS?
Q60. How is data organized for analysis using GIS?
Q61. Explain the various analysis functions in GIS?
Q62. Explain briefly: (i) Transformation?
(ii) Conflation
(iii) Edge matching and
(iv) Editing operations in GIS
Q64. Describe the maintenance and analysis of non-spatial attribute data in GIS?
Q65. Briefly describe the editing and query functions in GIS?
Q66. Describe the various overlay and neighborhood operations used in GIS?
Q67. What are connectivity functions and what are their applications in GIS?
Q68. Describe cartographic modeling and illustrate its application in GIS with the help of an
example?
Q69. Describe the various types of output from GIS software?
Q70. Define error and describe the various types of errors in GIS along with
recommendations to overcome these errors?
Q71. What are the various methods of sampling in GIS?
Q72. What are the various components of data quality in GIS?
Q73. Describe the characteristics of electromagnetic radiation with the help of a neat sketch?
Q74. Explain the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with Earth’s surface with the help
of a sketch?
Q75. What are the various types of sensors used in remote sensing?
Q76. List the various series of satellites used in the Indian Remote Sensing program along with their important characteristics?
Q77. Briefly describe the data products of remote sensing and methods of interpretation of this data?
Q78. Explain how GIS software can be used for (i) Watershed modeling?
(ii) Environmental modeling and
(iii) Visibility analysis
Saif Ullah is a remote sensing (RS) expert and geographic information system (GIS) analyst. He has done BS and MS in RS & GIS from prestigious institutes in Pakistan and has more than 5 years’ experience in his field. He is a dedicated researcher and is very keen to learn new knowledge and skills and share his skills and expertise with others.
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